There are a number of human foods that are tasty to us but have been proven to be toxic and even deadly to our pets. While it is tempting to give your pet human food, pets should not consume human food unless it's recommended by your veterinarian.
Chocolate, Coffee, Caffeine
Chocolate contains a chemical called theobromine, that is toxic to dogs in large enough quantities. Chocolate also contains caffeine which is also toxic. Different types of chocolate contain different amounts of theobromine and caffeine. Baking and Dark chocolate contain the most, then milk chocolate followed by white chocolate which contains the least. In other words a dog would need to consume more milk chocolate in order to become ill. However, even a few ounces of chocolate can be enough to cause a small dog to become ill, so really no amount or type of chocolate should ever be considered “safe” for a dog to eat. Chocolate toxicity can cause vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, rapid or irregular heart rate, muscle tremors, and seizures. Death can occur within 24 hours of ingestion.
Xylitol is used as a sweetener in many products, including gum, candy, breath-mints and toothpaste. It causes a sudden insulin release in dogs, which leads to low blood sugar levels. It can also cause liver failure in dogs. Initial signs of toxicosis typically within 30 minutes of ingestion include vomiting, lethargy and loss of coordination. These signs can then progress to recumbancy, seizures and death. Elevated liver enzymes and liver failure can be seen within a few days.
Chocolate, Coffee, Caffeine
Chocolate contains a chemical called theobromine, that is toxic to dogs in large enough quantities. Chocolate also contains caffeine which is also toxic. Different types of chocolate contain different amounts of theobromine and caffeine. Baking and Dark chocolate contain the most, then milk chocolate followed by white chocolate which contains the least. In other words a dog would need to consume more milk chocolate in order to become ill. However, even a few ounces of chocolate can be enough to cause a small dog to become ill, so really no amount or type of chocolate should ever be considered “safe” for a dog to eat. Chocolate toxicity can cause vomiting, diarrhea, hyperactivity, rapid or irregular heart rate, muscle tremors, and seizures. Death can occur within 24 hours of ingestion.
Xylitol
Xylitol is used as a sweetener in many products, including gum, candy, breath-mints and toothpaste. It causes a sudden insulin release in dogs, which leads to low blood sugar levels. It can also cause liver failure in dogs. Initial signs of toxicosis typically within 30 minutes of ingestion include vomiting, lethargy and loss of coordination. These signs can then progress to recumbancy, seizures and death. Elevated liver enzymes and liver failure can be seen within a few days.
Grapes and Raisins
Both grapes and raisins can cause kidney failure in both dogs and cats. The toxic substance in these fruits is unknown. Vomiting, increased drinking and lethargy can occur 5 to 6 hours after ingestion, followed by anorexia, lack of urination, and tremors. One to two grapes may be enough to cause these clinical signs.Onions, Garlic, Chives
These vegetables and herbs can cause gastrointestinal irritation but more importantly can lead to red blood cell damage resulting in anemia. Although cats are more susceptible, dogs are also at risk if a large enough amount is consumed.
Avocado
The leaves, fruit, seeds and bark of avocados contain a substance called Persin, which can cause vomiting and diarrhea in dogs and cats.
Macadamia Nuts
Macadamia nuts are commonly found in cookies and candies. The mechanism of toxicity is unknown, but ingestion can caused weakness, depression, vomiting, and tremors in dogs. Signs usually occur 6 or more hours after ingestion and last approximately 12 to 48 hours.
Please visit the ASPCA Poison Control for more information or if you think your pet has consumed any of these foods.
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