Typhoid Fever

If you read my article on Salmonella yesterday, you might be asking yourself well what about Typhoid fever.  I didn’t mention Typhoid fever because Salmonella Typhi causes it, which is not zoonotic.  However, I feel like I jipped you so I will briefly talk about it. 


Typhoid fever is a life threatening illness, which is not common in the US but still very common in developing countries.  In the US there are about 400 cases each year with the majority acquired while traveling outside of the US. 


It is an infection that can be prevented by vaccine, good hygiene and treated with antibiotics.  If you're planning on traveling outside of the US notify your physician to find out what steps you need to take to protect yourself.


Asymptomatic Carriers


The interesting and perhaps scary thing about Salmonella Typhi is that there are people who can recover from an infection but remain asymptomatic carriers of the bacteria and continue to shed.  Ever heard of Typhoid Mary? She was a cook and the first person in the US to be identified as an asymptomatic carrier and is believed to have infected about 53 people, 3 of whom died.  She was quarantined twice by public health officials.


How do you get it?


Typically if you consume food or beverages that have been handled by infected people or if sewage contaminated water is used for preparing food or drinking


What are the symptoms?

• High fever - 103F - 104F
• Abdominal pain
• Weakness
• Anorexia
• Some develop a rash

How to avoid typhoid fever?

• Get vaccinated if you are traveling to a country where typhoid is common
• Avoid questionable food and drinks
• Avoid drinks with ice
• Eat food that has been properly cooked
• Avoid raw fruits and vegetables that can’t be peeled
• Avoid street vendors

What do you do if you think you have typhoid fever?

See a doctor immediately.  If you’re traveling call the US consulate for a list of recommended doctors.